Note IV on The Stele of Mount Hua - Vincent's Calligraphy

Vincent's Calligraphy
Preserving Authentic Traditional Chinese Culture in the West
- preserving authentic traditional Chinese culture in the West
- preserving authentic traditional Chinese culture in the West
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Vincent's Calligraphy
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《孔子家語·論禮》

孔子閒居,子張、子貢、言游侍。論及於禮,孔子曰:「居!汝三人者。吾語汝以禮周流無不遍也。」子貢越席而對曰:「敢問如何?」子曰:「敬而不中禮,謂之野;恭而不中禮,謂之給;勇而不中禮,謂之逆。」子曰:「給奪慈仁。」子貢曰:「敢問何以為中禮者?」子曰:「禮乎!夫禮所以制中也。」子貢退。言游進曰:「敢問禮也,領惡而全好者與?」子曰:「然。」子貢問:「何也?」子曰:「郊社之禮,所以仁鬼神也;禘嘗之禮,所以仁昭穆也;饋奠之禮,所以仁死喪也;射饗之禮,所以仁鄉黨也;食饗之禮,所以仁賓客也。明乎郊社之義、禘嘗之禮,治國其如指諸掌而已。是故居家有禮,故長幼辯;以之閨門有禮,故三族和;以之朝廷有禮,故官爵敘;以之田獵有禮,故戎事閑;以之軍旅有禮,故武功成。是以宮室得其度,鼎俎得其象,物得其時,樂得其節,車得其軾,鬼神得其享,喪紀得其哀,辯說得其黨,百官得其體,政事得其施。加於身而措於前,凡眾之動,得其宜也。」言游退。子張進曰:「敢問禮何謂也?」子曰:「禮者,即事之治也。君子有其事,必有其治。治國而無禮,譬猶瞽之無相,倀倀乎何所之?譬終夜有求於幽室之中,非燭何以見?故無禮則手足無所措,耳目無所加,進退揖讓無所制。是以其居處,長幼失其別,閨門三族失其和,朝廷官爵失其序,田獵戎事失其策,軍旅失其勢,宮室失其度,鼎俎失其象,物失其時,樂失其節,車失其軾,鬼神失其饗,喪紀失其哀,辯說失其黨,百官失其體,政事失其施。加於身而措於前,凡眾之動失其宜。如此則無以祖祫四海。」子曰:「慎聽之!汝三人者。吾語汝。猶有九焉,大饗有四焉。苟知此矣,雖在畎畝之中,事之,聖人矣。兩軍相見,揖讓而入,入門懸興;揖讓而升堂,升堂而樂闋;下管象舞,夏籥序興,陳其薦俎,序其禮樂,備其百官,如此而後君子知仁焉。行中規,旋中矩,鑾和中采齊,客出於雍,徹以振羽。是故君子無物而不在於禮焉。入門而金作,示情也;升歌《清廟》,示德也;下管象舞,示事也。古之君子,不必親相與言也,以禮樂相示而已。夫禮者、理也;樂者、節也。無理不動,無節不作。不能詩,於禮謬;不能樂,於禮素;薄於德,於禮虛。」子貢作而問曰:「然則夔其窮與?」子曰:「古之人與?上古之人也。達於禮而不達於樂,謂之素;達於樂而不達於禮,謂之偏。夫夔達於樂不達於禮,是以傳於此名也。古之人也。凡制度在禮,文為在禮,行之其在人也!」三子者、既得聞此論於夫子也,煥若發矇焉。

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